A

　　Lee's proposal 1 (of a "departmental head responsibility system,") 2(combined with a rigorous civil service evaluation mechanism), clarifies the relationship between powers and responsibilities, 3(while also playing an incentivizing role to provide institutional guarantees for accelerating development.)

　　主句：

　　Lee's proposal (...) clarifies the relationship between powers and responsibilities, (...)

　　現象1：of引導的定語從句，修飾"proposal"

　　"...of a departmental head responsibility system,..."

　　現象2：動詞引導的短語，說明提案結合了嚴格的公務員評估機制

　　"...,combined with a rigorous civil service evaluation mechanism, ..."

　　現象3：while引導的從句作補充說明，說明提案的其他作用

　　"...,while also playing an incentivizing role to provide institutional guarantees for accelerating development, ..."

　　B

　　This, he said, is a process of continuously building social consensus, while the ultimate goal of reform is "to enable everyone to live better."

　　現象："he said"作插入語，用來引入和標明這句話的發言者，即表示「這是他說的」。

　　插入語的作用是讓句子的主體保持連貫，同時表明這些話是由某個特定的人（he）說的。